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4.1 Design and development of learning situations (LS)

Introduction

Creating a learning situation is not easy, and since its implementation under the LOMLOE (the new organic law governing the Spanish educational system), it has been a constant challenge for teachers. The prompts we present here significantly reduce the effort required and the time spent on their creation. However, they should not be considered as a black box where data is simply input and results are obtained; rather, they must be reviewed and personalized throughout the process. It is not uncommon to have to repeat some of the prompts once completed or even while they are being applied in order to modify and improve certain aspects.

A learning situation (LS) is a set of structured activities designed by the teacher so that students can apply their prior knowledge and skills in real-life contexts, fostering a competency-based teaching approach. These activities are intended to help students develop and demonstrate both key and specific competencies by solving practical and relevant problems. The goal is to ensure that learning is meaningful and directly applicable to everyday situations, preparing students to act competently in various scenarios.

The prompts can be used in both Basic Education (Primary and Secondary) and in the Baccalaureate. Furthermore, they have been created for ChatGPT-4 and can also be used with ChatGPT-4o and Claude. Tests conducted with Gemini, Copilot, and Mistral have shown that these chatbots do not fully understand the instructions and begin working on the learning situation without waiting to have all the necessary information, so these latter AIs cannot currently be used for this task.

* Extracted from the INTEF web page on Artificial Intelligence in Education. (The National Institute for Educational Technologies and Teacher Training (INTEF) is the unit of the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training responsible for integrating digital technologies and providing teacher training in non-university educational stages.

Design and development of learning situations (LS)

In order to create a Learning Situation (LS) using artificial intelligence, we offer you a series of guidelines (including prompts) that may be of great interest to you:

Initial preparation and tips *

    • We recommend using ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-4.o, or Claude to obtain acceptable results.
    • It is advisable, before starting, to have at hand and perfectly numbered the key competencies, specific competencies, evaluation criteria for the specific competencies, and the knowledge elements we are interested in working on. All of these curricular elements can be found in the curriculum corresponding to the educational stage and specialty we teach.
    • The prompts must be added sequentially, all within the same conversation, although it is not necessary to write them all at once; the process can be interrupted and continued later from where it was left.
    • We must carefully read everything the AI produces at all times. It is important to ask the chatbot for explanations and corrections whenever any proposal raises doubts. Personalizing the Learning Situation (LS) is necessary.
    • Once the LS is completed, we will likely need to return to the conversation with the AI to expand or correct certain parts; therefore, we recommend saving its address for future reference.
    • It is important to remember that LLMs (Large Language Models) may provide imprecise answers and even errors; it is the user's responsibility to ensure that the products obtained are coherent and match what we want (supervisor mode).

    * Extracted from the INTEF web page on Artificial Intelligence in Education.

    Design and development of Learning Situations

    All these prompts belong to the design of an LS, following the Learning Situation template adjusted to the requirements of the Balearic Islands’ regional regulations. The teacher must define the context, the key knowledge areas, the competencies, and the assessment criteria that need to be addressed so that the AI develops the necessary information to create the LS. These prompts follow a general structure that we can adapt and modify according to our interests.

    Number Prompts Comments
    1 Act as an instructional design professional for [insert educational stage]. You are an expert in designing Learning Situations (LOMLOE) and project-based learning. With extensive experience in this field, you have trained numerous teaching staff, authored books and scientific articles on the subject, and enjoy advising educators. If you have any doubts about my requests, please let me know. If you don't know something, don't invent it; be honest and tell me what you don't understand. Use rigorous, academic language, and ensure your designs are highly creative and tailored to the educational context I will provide next. Do you understand?

    It's important to provide all these details because ChatGPT, even when uncertain, will attempt to answer regardless. Therefore, it's crucial to instruct it to notify us if it lacks any information.

    In this initial instruction, we're merely providing context so that it understands the behaviour and vocabulary we're seeking. From here, we can modify this prompt according to our preferences. For example, we can ask it to use a humorous tone, be more direct in its responses, or adopt a more academic style.

    2

    Once I have provided you with all the necessary information, you will need to create a Learning Situation for [educational stage], in the subject of [subject], with the following context: an educational centre located in [location], where the socioeconomic level of the families is [socioeconomic level], and the classroom consists of [number of students] with learning characteristics [characteristics] and learning paces [types of learning paces].

    This Learning Situation must address the following assessment criteria:

    [Insert the list of assessment criteria as stated in the regulations]

    It must also be based on the following specific competencies:

    [Insert the list of specific competencies to be developed, as stated in the regulations]

    Additionally, the following key knowledge areas must be covered:

    [Insert the list of key knowledge areas to be developed, as stated in the regulations]

    I have not yet finished providing you with all the information you need to consider before generating the Learning Situation. Do you understand?

    We will always include the curricular elements that appear in the current educational law. As we review the curriculum, we will fill in the Learning Situation template with the fields we have.

    This prompt must be customized according to the grade level and the content to be covered. Additionally, we can incorporate more than one subject to make it interdisciplinary or include family participation. All of this should be included in the prompt, adapting it to our objectives. The more specific information we provide, the more personalized our Learning Situation will be.

    Keep in mind that in the template we have provided, you need to fill in the specific competencies, assessment criteria, and key knowledge areas you want to develop (these fields are highlighted in blue).

    It is also important to note that we can ask the chatbot to modify activities, generate more questions, etc. If we are not satisfied with the result, we can use the button to regenerate the response.

    Additionally, it may be helpful to inform the chatbot that we have computers with internet access or any other relevant aspect that could impact the design of the Learning Situation.

    3 Now, consider that this Learning Situation must be related to one of the Sustainable Development Goals according to the 2030 Agenda, incorporate gamification, and involve the use of digital technologies by students. Therefore, it should be engaging and connected to solving a real, relevant, and useful problem for the students. Do you understand? If it doesn't specify which SDG(s) it's related to, we can explicitly ask it in another prompt later or omit it.
    4 Based on the information provided so far, please provide the title of the Learning Situation, a description, a justification, and the final product that students will need to develop in groups to address any challenges posed.

    Afterward, press "Enter," and ChatGPT will begin generating the entire Learning Situation for us. We'll observe how it fills in the sections we've specified. Now, we can edit them as we see fit and paste them into our Learning Situation template (title, description, justification, and final product).

    5 Create a table with three columns. The first column should indicate the number of sessions of the Learning Situation. The second column should contain a detailed description of the activities and tasks that will be carried out during each session. The third column should specify the products that the students will obtain as a result of the tasks completed in each session. Make sure the information in each row is coherent and aligned between the three columns.

    At this point, we will obtain a large amount of information. However, we can ask for modifications if we are not completely satisfied with it.

    (If you have any issues visualizing tables, ask to see them in the same chat)

    6 Now, create a table with three columns: the first should specify the procedures for feedback, review, and supervision by the teacher during the completion of the task. The second should include the procedures for final evaluation and grading, and the third should list the assessment instruments you consider most appropriate, always based on the evaluation criteria I mentioned above.

    Many times, ChatGPT will tell us that a specific evaluation criterion should be assessed with the "rubric" instrument, but it won't create it for us. The same will happen with other instruments it proposes. In this case, we can ask it to develop them for us. For example:

    Design the rubric to assess criterion 2.2.

    We can do the same with the sessions: we can ask it to develop the sessions in the form of a timeline.

    (If you have any issues visualizing tables, ask to see them in the same chat)

    7 Develop these aspects: measures for educational response to inclusion (UDL), organization of learning spaces, resources, and materials.

    If we want more information, such as the principles of UDL, we will need to ask for it next. That is, once it has responded, we can ask for further details. We should always send verbs like "develop, explain, suggest..." with very clear instructions so that it responds appropriately.

    Now, we just need to fill in the remaining empty cells in our template, and we will have our complete Learning Situation (LS).

    If we want to create a new LS, we will need to repeat the process in a new chat to avoid mixing the curricular parts of one LS with another.

    Examples of conversations with ChatGPT

    If you want to see specific examples of conversations, you can look at this one in a primary school context or this one in a secondary/high school context.

    (If you have any issues visualizing tables, ask to see them in the same chat)

    Creat amb eXeLearning (Finestra nova)